PSAT Math Formula Sheet

TLDR

• Some formulas are provided on the PSAT, many are not

• Algebra and linear relationships matter more than memorization alone

• Geometry formulas are helpful but application matters more

• Use this sheet for daily review and quick recall practice

Are Formulas Given on the PSAT?

Yes, the PSAT provides a limited reference sheet during the Math section. However, not all formulas you need are included. Students are expected to understand how and when to apply formulas under time pressure, especially for algebra and data analysis questions.

Knowing which formulas are given and which must be memorized is critical for efficient PSAT prep.

PSAT Formulas Provided on Test Day

These formulas are typically included in the PSAT Math reference sheet.

Area Formulas

• Rectangle: Area = length × width

• Triangle: Area = 1/2 × base × height

• Parallelogram: Area = base × height

• Trapezoid: Area = 1/2 × (sum of parallel sides) × height

• Circle: Area = πr²

Perimeter and Circumference

• Rectangle perimeter = 2(length + width)

• Circle circumference = 2πr

Volume Formulas

• Rectangular solid: Volume = length × width × height

• Cylinder: Volume = πr²h

Right Triangle Relationship

• Pythagorean Theorem: a² + b² = c²

PSAT Formulas You Must Memorize

These formulas and relationships are not always provided and appear frequently in PSAT math questions.

Linear Equations

• Slope: m = (y₂ − y₁) / (x₂ − x₁)

• Slope intercept form: y = mx + b

• Point slope form: y − y₁ = m(x − x₁)

Systems of Equations

• Solve by substitution or elimination

• Intersection point represents the solution

Exponents and Radicals

• aᵐ × aⁿ = aᵐ⁺ⁿ

• aᵐ ÷ aⁿ = aᵐ⁻ⁿ

• (aᵐ)ⁿ = aᵐⁿ

• √(a²) = a

Percent Formulas

• Percent change = (change ÷ original) × 100

• New value = original × (1 ± percent change)

PSAT Math Topics Where Formulas Matter Most

Algebra

• Linear equations

• Systems of equations

• Inequalities

Problem Solving and Data Analysis

• Ratios

• Percentages

• Unit rates

• Interpreting tables and graphs

Geometry

• Area and perimeter

• Circles

• Coordinate geometry

Foundations of Advanced Math

• Quadratic expressions

• Factoring

• Exponent rules

Common PSAT Math Traps to Avoid

• Memorizing formulas without understanding application

• Using the wrong formula under time pressure

• Forgetting to label units

• Misreading what the question is asking

Tutor Tip

Most PSAT math mistakes are not due to missing formulas. They come from applying the right formula in the wrong way or at the wrong time. Practice recognizing patterns, not just memorizing equations.

How to Use This PSAT Formula Sheet Effectively

• Review it for 5 to 10 minutes daily

• Pair formulas with real PSAT practice questions

• Quiz yourself on recall without looking

• Practice applying formulas under timed conditions

This approach builds confidence and speed, not just memory.

How PSAT Formula Mastery Helps SAT Prep

PSAT math formulas closely mirror SAT math expectations. Students who master formulas early reduce stress and shorten their SAT prep timeline later.